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Point Nemo (Oceanic Pole of Inaccessibility)

Yogyakarta, Rabu, 15 Februari 2023

Djoko Luknanto: Point Nemo

ChatGPT: Point Nemo, also known as the "Oceanic Pole of Inaccessibility," is the most remote point in the world's oceans. It is located in the southern Pacific Ocean, approximately 2,688 km (1,670 miles) from the nearest land, which is Ducie Island, part of the Pitcairn Islands group.

Point Nemo is located at 48°52.6'S 123°23.6'W and was named after the fictional submariner Captain Nemo from Jules Verne's novel "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea." The name "Nemo" is Latin for "no one," reflecting the point's extreme isolation.

Due to its location in the middle of the ocean, Point Nemo has become a popular destination for disposing of space debris. The lack of human activity in the area means that the debris can be safely dropped without the risk of harm to people or property. In fact, many decommissioned satellites and space stations have been intentionally crashed into the ocean near Point Nemo.

Is there any life in the ocean near Point Nemo?

Life does exist in the ocean near Point Nemo, despite its extreme isolation. The area is home to a variety of marine life, including various species of fish, whales, sharks, and sea birds.

One of the most notable inhabitants of the region is the deep-sea creature known as the "vampire squid." This unique animal is able to survive in the oxygen-depleted waters found at depths of up to 3,000 feet (914 meters) near Point Nemo.

In addition to these deep-sea creatures, the waters near Point Nemo also support a variety of planktonic life. These tiny organisms serve as a crucial food source for larger marine animals and play an important role in the ocean's ecosystem.

While the waters near Point Nemo may be home to a variety of life forms, the area remains largely unexplored, and there is still much to be learned about the marine life that calls this remote region home.

Is there any oxygen in the water?

Yes, there is oxygen in the water near Point Nemo, but the amount of oxygen can vary depending on the depth and location.

In the upper layers of the ocean, which are exposed to sunlight, microscopic plants called phytoplankton produce oxygen through photosynthesis. This oxygen is then used by other organisms, including larger marine animals.

In deeper waters, however, the amount of oxygen can be much lower due to a lack of photosynthesis and other factors. In some areas, such as in the depths of the Pacific Ocean near Point Nemo, there are oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) where oxygen levels are extremely low, making it difficult for many organisms to survive.

Despite the low oxygen levels in OMZs, some unique species of marine life have adapted to these extreme conditions and are able to survive in these areas. For example, some species of bacteria and certain deep-sea animals have evolved specialized metabolic pathways that allow them to live in environments with low levels of oxygen.

How about the sea circulation?

Sea circulation is an important process in the oceans and plays a crucial role in shaping the world's climate and ecosystems. The area around Point Nemo is part of a major oceanic circulation system known as the South Pacific Gyre.

The South Pacific Gyre is a large-scale ocean current system that circles clockwise in the South Pacific Ocean, driven by the trade winds and other factors. This circulation pattern transports warm water from the tropics towards the poles and brings colder, nutrient-rich water back towards the equator.

The circulation of water in the South Pacific Gyre also plays a role in distributing nutrients and supporting marine life. The upwelling of cold, nutrient-rich water along the coast of South America and Antarctica, for example, supports a thriving ecosystem of phytoplankton, which forms the base of the food chain for many other marine organisms.

In addition to these large-scale circulation patterns, ocean currents in the vicinity of Point Nemo can also be affected by other factors, such as the Coriolis effect, local winds and tides, and variations in water temperature and salinity. These factors can create eddies and other localized circulation patterns that can affect the distribution of nutrients and marine life in the area.

How deep oceans surrounding Point Nemo?

The ocean surrounding Point Nemo is very deep, and some parts of it are among the deepest in the world. The Pacific Ocean, in general, is the largest and deepest ocean on Earth, and the area around Point Nemo is located in the southern part of the Pacific, which is known for its extreme depths.

The average depth of the Pacific Ocean is around 3,800 meters (12,500 feet), but some areas near Point Nemo can reach depths of over 6,000 meters (19,700 feet). For example, the Challenger Deep, which is the deepest part of the ocean and located in the nearby Mariana Trench, has a depth of over 10,900 meters (35,800 feet).

The extreme depth of the ocean in the region surrounding Point Nemo creates unique challenges for exploring and studying the area. In addition to the immense pressure at such depths, the lack of sunlight and low oxygen levels make it difficult for many organisms to survive. However, despite these challenges, scientists have discovered a surprising variety of life in the deep ocean, including unique species of fish, shrimp, and other organisms adapted to these extreme conditions.

Is there any scientific exploration in the area?

Scientific exploration of the area around Point Nemo is ongoing, but due to its remote location and extreme conditions, research in the region can be challenging.

One area of research in the region is the study of deep-sea life and ecosystems. Scientists are using a variety of tools, including remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), submersibles, and deep-sea cameras to explore and study the unique creatures that live in the deep ocean around Point Nemo.

Another area of research is the study of ocean currents and circulation patterns in the region. Scientists use a variety of methods, including satellite imaging, ocean buoys, and computer models, to study the complex movements of water in the South Pacific Gyre and how it affects the global climate.

In addition to scientific research, the area around Point Nemo is also of interest to environmental organizations and government agencies due to its role as a site for the disposal of space debris. Scientists and engineers are working to develop more sustainable methods of disposing of this debris, such as by capturing it and returning it to Earth, rather than allowing it to fall into the ocean.

Overall, while research in the area around Point Nemo can be challenging, the region remains a fascinating and important area of study for scientists interested in understanding the deep ocean and its role in the global ecosystem.

There is almost no coverage in mass media about Point Nemo, so almost nobody knows

You're correct that Point Nemo is not well-known to the general public, and media coverage of the area is relatively rare. This is likely due to the remote location of Point Nemo, as well as the fact that much of the research and activities taking place there are focused on scientific and environmental issues that may not be of immediate interest to a broad audience.

However, despite the lack of media coverage, the area around Point Nemo remains an important area of study and research for scientists and environmentalists. The extreme conditions and remoteness of the area make it a unique and challenging environment to explore, and the research being conducted there is helping to deepen our understanding of the deep ocean and its role in the global ecosystem.

Additionally, the issue of space debris and its impact on the ocean is an important environmental concern, and efforts to develop more sustainable methods of disposing of space debris may have important implications for the future of space exploration and the health of our oceans.

While Point Nemo may not be well-known to the general public, the research and activities taking place there are important and ongoing, and are contributing to our understanding of the deep ocean and its complex ecosystem.

Do this region affects El Niño and la Nina?

Point Nemo is located in the tropical Pacific Ocean, which is an important region for the development and intensification of El Niño and La Niña events. However, the area around Point Nemo itself is not thought to have a direct impact on the occurrence or severity of these events.

El Niño and La Niña are natural climate phenomena that involve changes in the temperature and circulation patterns of the tropical Pacific Ocean. These events have a range of impacts on global weather patterns, including changes in rainfall, temperature, and storm activity.

The development and intensity of El Niño and La Niña events are influenced by a range of factors, including ocean currents, wind patterns, and changes in atmospheric pressure. While the ocean conditions around Point Nemo may play a role in these events, they are just one of many factors that can influence the occurrence and intensity of El Niño and La Niña.

Overall, while Point Nemo is an important location for oceanographic research, it is not thought to have a direct impact on the occurrence or severity of El Niño and La Niña events. Rather, these events are influenced by a complex array of factors that operate on a global scale.

Is there any connection Point Nemo with Jules Verne's Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea?

Yes, there is a connection between Point Nemo and Jules Verne's novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. In the novel, Captain Nemo, the enigmatic captain of the submarine Nautilus, mentions that his secret island base, where the Nautilus is stored and maintained, is located in a remote region of the South Pacific, which he calls "Vulcania."

While the exact location of Vulcania is never stated in the novel, some scholars and fans of the book have suggested that it may be located near Point Nemo, due to the area's remoteness and isolation.

It's worth noting that Jules Verne wrote the novel in the late 1800s, long before the discovery of Point Nemo or many other oceanographic phenomena. However, his vivid imagination and his fascination with the ocean and its mysteries continue to inspire and captivate readers and scientists to this day.

Gambar-gambar Titik Nemo dari Google Earth Pro

Untuk mendapatkan gambaran seberapa terpencilnya Titik Nemo, di tengah Samudera Pasifik, disajikan 3 gambar di bawah ini. Dengan membandingkan ketiga gambar ini, dengan pelbagai jarak pandang dapat dipahami bagaimana terpencilnya Titik Nemo. Pada Gambar 3, tampak bahwa bulatan Bumi sudah penuh terlihat, namun Titik Nemo masih dikelilingi oleh perairan Samudera Pasifik, hanya beberapa daratan mulai tampak.

Gambar 1. Titik Nemo di sekitar Pulau Ducie (dalam gambar ini masih belum tampak keterpencilannya).

Gambar 2. Kawasan Titik Nemo di sekitar Pulau Ducie (dalam gambar ini masih belum tampak keterpencilannya).

Gambar 3. Tampak bahwa Titik Nemo di sekitar Pulau Ducie, menjadi satu di titik pusat gambar yang memang jauh dari kawasan mana pun di Bumi. Kawasan berupa daratan baru tampak setelah jarak pandang sedemikian jauhnya.