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Preface
"Verily! the
likeness of Jesus with Allah(God) is as the likeness of
Adam. He created him of dust, then He said unto him: Be! and
he was. (This is) the truth from your Lord (O Muhammad), so
be not you of those who waver. And whosoever disputes with
you concerning him, after the knowledge which has come unto
you, say (unto him): Come! We will summon our sons and your
sons, and our women and your women, and ourselves and
yourselves, then we will pray humbly (to our Lord) and
(solemnly) invoke the curse of Allah upon those who lie.
Verily! This is the true narrative. There is no god save
Allah, and verily! Allah is the Mighty, the Wise. And if
they turn away, then Verily! Allah is Aware of the
corrupters. Say: O People of the Scripture. Come to a word
that is just between us and you: that we shall worship none
but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partners unto Him,
and that we shall not take each other for lords beside
Allah. And if they turn away, then say: Bear witness that we
are they who have surrendered (unto Him) (literally: "we are
Muslims")."
The Qur'an, A'al-Umran(3):59-64.
"I have read in Moslem (sic) writings such deep and
tender expressions of respect and reverence for Jesus that
for the time I almost forgot, I was not reading the words of
a Christian writer. How different, it is sad to say, has
been the way in which Christians have spoken and written of
Muhammad Let us put it down to it's true cause,
ignorance"
Reverend R. Maxwell King
"The lies which well-meaning zeal has heaped round
this man (Muhammad) are disgraceful to ourselves
only"
Heroes and Hero Worship and the Heroic in History, Thomas
Carlyle, p. 57
"The use of false evidence to attack Islam was all but
universal
"
Islam and the West, Norman Daniel, p. 267
In the name of God(Allah), most compassionate, most
merciful. I give all thanks to God(Allah) for His bounties
and knowledge and that He has guided me to Islam. I also ask
Allah Almighty that He bestow his peace and blessings upon
Muhammad and grant him the highest rewards and exalted
stations in Heaven. Further, I ask Allah Almighty that He
grant His peace and blessings upon all of His prophets from
the beginning of time, including Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses,
David, and Jesus, as well as all of the countless others,
peace be upon them all, may their names be held in the
highest honor for all time.
I feel that this book is best described as my own humble
attempt at the compilation and collection of the life long
works of many famous and knowledgeable scholars and writers.
My contribution to this book has probably been restricted to
the collection of these works in one publication. So, as
they say, I hereby give credit where credit is due. Among
these authors are such luminaries as Shaik Rahmat-Allah ibn
Khaleel al-Rahman al-Hindi, Shaik Shams al-Deen ibn Kayyem
Al-Jawziah, Shaik Taqiuddin ibn Taymiyyah, Mr. Muhammad 'Ata
ur-Rahim, Shaik Ahmed Deedat, Mr. Akbarally Meherally, Dr.
Jamal Badawi, Dr. Muhammad Ali Alkhuli, Mrs. Ulaft
Aziz-us-Samad, Dr. Ahmad Dawood Al-Mizjaji, and Mr. M. A.
Yusseff to name a few. To these individuals I dedicate this
book. But first and foremost I dedicate this book to Allah
Almighty and then to my mother who always taught me to have
tolerance and an open mind, and to my father, who taught me
to continually seek out knowledge as long as I may live.
Muslims are encouraged to study and gain knowledge and to
base their worship upon a combination of knowledge and
faith, and not faith alone. A companion of the prophet
Muhammad (pbuh) by the name of Abu-Darda once narrated: I
heard the messenger of Allah (pbuh) say:
"If anyone travels on a road in search of knowledge,
Allah/God will cause him to travel on one of the roads of
Paradise. The angels will lower their wings in their great
pleasure with one who seeks knowledge. The inhabitants of
the heavens and the Earth and the fish in the deep waters
will ask forgiveness for the learned man. The superiority of
the learned man over the devout is like that of the moon, on
the night when it is full, over the rest of the stars. The
learned are the heirs of the Prophets, and the Prophets
leave neither dinar nor dirham (kinds of currency), leaving
only knowledge, and he who takes it takes an abundant
portion." (narrated by Abu Dawood).
Muslims are also encouraged to study other religions and
to compare them to Islam. They are commanded to never be
among those who accept Islam on blind faith or in
conformance to the current trend in their society. Rather,
they are commanded to make up their own minds and to enter
into Islam with their eyes wide open, after they have
thoroughly tested it's validity as the command of God.
"There is no compulsion in religion. Guidance is
henceforth distinct from misguidance"
The noble Qur'an, Al-Bakarah(2):256.
It was because of the above reasons that, upon my arrival
in the United States in 1992, I decided to spend my spare
time researching Christianity. I did this in order to verify
the affirmations of the noble Qur'an with regard to
mankind's distortion of the Gospels and the Old Testament.
If the Qur'an did indeed prove to have fabricated lies
against the Bible then I would know that it was not the word
of God. I therefore set about purchasing many different
versions of the Bible such as the New Revised Standard
Version (NRSV), the King James Version (KJV or Authorized
version), and so forth. I also purchased many Christian
Biblical references as well as some Islamic references.
Armed with this cache of information I set about my task and
as the Bible puts it
"Prove all things, hold fast that which is
good."
1 Thessalonians 5:21.
Before, during, and after all of this I was continually
being approached to "accept Jesus and be saved." At the same
time, others were asking me various questions about Islam.
Although these attempts to obtain my conversion were well
intended and sincerely appreciated, still, their arguments
were found wanting in that they were based in the most part
upon a very serious lack of knowledge of even the most basic
beliefs of Islam or at other times upon allegations which
upon later joint study were found to be incorrect.
Among these misconceptions is the popular Western belief
that Islam is an "Arab" religion, and it's adherents are all
"Mideasterners." This, however, is far from the truth. The
Bible has collected for us the stories of many prophets of
God throughout the ages, and while these prophets may differ
from one-another in many aspects, there is one
characteristic that remains common to all of them, namely,
they too were all "Mideasterners."
Muslims believe in all of the prophets of the Bible. If
we were to study the stories of the prophets of the Bible we
would find that they all came from the general area of
Egypt, Palestine, Syria, and the surrounding regions.
Muhammad (pbuh), the prophet of Islam, also came from this
locale. He was born in the Arabian peninsula and that is
where the message of Islam first came into the world.
However, just as the religion of Moses was not an "Arab"
religion simply because it came from Egypt, and just as
Christianity was not an "Arab" religion simply because it
came from Palestine, so too Islam is not an Arab religion
but the final message of God to all humanity. In fact, Arabs
make up less than 20% of the estimated 1.2 billion Muslims
in the world today.
In the Qur'an, we are told that the Gospel of Jesus
(pbuh) underwent a series of major alterations after his
departure until six hundred years later the changes to this
gospel had become so severe as to necessitate God's
intervention. This is when the final message of God for all
time, the message of Islam was sent down upon Muhammad
(pbuh). This book attempts to study this claim in as much
detail as humanly possible within my limited abilities in
order to test the truthfulness of this assertion.
Allah (God) Almighty commands us in the noble Qur'an:
"Verily, God commands you to render your trusts back
to those unto whom they are due; And when you judge between
humanity, that you judge with justice: Verily, how excellent
is the advice which He gives you! Verily, God is
All-Hearing, All-Seeing."
The noble Qur'an, Al-Nissa(4):58.
In what follows I do not presume to claim that I am an
unbiased witness. However, I have attempted to do my best to
be as fair and just as the weakness of my humanity shall
allow and to remember in all that I shall say in this matter
the above command of Allah, the Just.
The more one learns about Islam and Christianity, the
more they begin to see the tremendous degree of similarity
between the two religions. Both believe in a Omniscient,
Omnipotent Creator of the heavens and the earth. The
Christians call Him God, the Muslims call Him Allah. Both
believe in a long succession of prophets named in both the
Bible as well as the Qur'an. These prophets include Noah,
Moses, Abraham, Jesus, and many others. Both believe in
Heaven and Hell as well as a final judgment of God. Both
religions believe that Jesus was the Messiah/Christ. Both
religions believe in the miraculous birth of Jesus (pbuh)
without a human father. Both religions believe in the many
miracles of Jesus. However, for all their similarities, the
differences between them are substantial. When I first began
my research into these issues, I had attempted to locate a
comprehensive reference which dealt with such issues as the
"Trinity," the "incarnation," the "atonement," and the
"original sin." I was, however, surprised to find none. The
information is out there, however, it is distributed
throughout countless books, booklets, pamphlets and the
like. Some of these references were written by Muslims,
others by Christians.
On the Christian side, I had found that Christian
references are split into two basic groups which could
probably be classified as "motivational" and "scholarly"
texts. The "motivational" texts dealt mostly with the
teaching of the established doctrines of Christianity and
the instillation with the reader of a basic faith in these
doctrines. These texts are the ones found in the possession
of the majority of regular church goers.
The second category of Christian references, the
"scholarly" references, go to the next level of Biblical
study. They usually deal with the intricate details of the
Bible and the Christian faith, going beyond faith and
inspiration alone in order to include a broader study of the
Bible and other ancient Christian documents. These books are
written mostly by those who have chosen to dedicate their
entire existence to the detailed study of these documents in
order to extract from them their most precious hidden
secrets and the intricate details of the occurrences to be
found therein. These references deal with such issues as
when these books were written, who wrote them, why they did
so, what was the political social and economic situation of
the world in which they lived, how they dealt with all of
these factors and how they were influenced by them. The
authors of these references, and the references themselves,
are usually found in Western institutions of higher learning
such as the religion departments of many Western
universities.
At first I had expected my research to involve a slow and
painful search through a sparse number of obscure ancient
Christian documents. This did not prove to be the case. Once
I began to look for the truth I was practically overwhelmed
by a veritable avalanche of detailed Christian studies all
leading to the same conclusion: That mankind has taken great
liberties with the text of the Bible over the ages. They
have freely changed words which they felt inappropriate to
their established beliefs, adding verses which were not
found in the original text in order to validate a given
doctrine, and freely removing verses when they felt the need
to do so. These Christian scholars have documented for us
may of the details of these revisions to the text of the
Bible. They show us how this trend did not end with the
coming of Muhammad (pbuh) and the message of Islam in the
seventh century, however, these adaptations, corrections,
and modifications continued for many centuries after the
death of Muhammad almost up to our present day. As we shall
see later on in this book, only one single example of this
tendency is the example of the most ancient copy of the
Bible available to Christendom today, specifically, the
"Codex Sinaiticus" (of the fourth century AD). This document
alone has been shown by Christian scholars to have undergone
over 14,800 "corrections" over the ages by at least nine
different Christian "correctors." Given that our modern
Bibles have been distilled from such source documents as
these, is it not befitting that we study the history of such
preservation techniques of the Bible in order to arrive at
the original unmodified word of Jesus (pbuh)?
During my research, it slowly became apparent to me that
the more eminent the Christian author was, the more
painfully aware this author would be of the fact that our
modern Bibles are the end result of countless unending
revisions to the original text over the ages. Since many of
these scholars were conservatives in the finest ancient
tradition, therefore, they had usually tried their best to
forgive those who had changed the Biblical text and to
excuse their actions. However, having to continually make
excuses for those who changed the word of God and to only
think the best of these people and their motives can
eventually tax the patience of even the most forgiving
conservative and drive him to frustration. As we shall see
in chapter 2.1, this was indeed the case with one of
history's most eminent conservative Christian scholars, Dr.
Lobegott Tischendorf.
In the beginning I had striven to collect this
information into a series of articles which were published
on a very limited scale inside the university I was studying
in at the time. After having completed these articles I
decided to collect them into one handy reference with the
core information having being collected from external
sources but having been reorganized into what I believe to
be a more intuitive and useful order. In some cases, I have
found myself unable to improve upon the wording and layout
of other authors, so I have shamelessly copied their words
almost verbatim. However, I believe that such straight
copying has been confined to less than 5% of the content of
this book and has, by Allah's will, been clearly marked as
appropriate. Once again, credit where credit is due.
Many hundreds of books have been published by Christian
scholars on the topic of the various contradictions which
have resulted in the Bible as an end result of centuries of
continuous revision and correction. It has been my
experience, however, that most of these books have gone one
of two different extremes, specifically, they either try
to:
- Reconcile all discrepancies through abstraction and
elaborate additional details not found in the Biblical
text, and occasionally, when they are presented with two
conflicting versions of one story in the Bible they
simply choose the version they personally prefer and
claim the other verses were a scribal error, or
- They claim that Jesus (pbuh) was no more than a
legend and a myth, and that the Bible, the apostles, and
even Jesus himself were only figments of someone's
imagination.
This book, however, goes a different route, that of Islam
and the noble Qur'an. In this book it is demonstrated that
Jesus (pbuh) was indeed a true prophet of God but that his
message was lost by those who came after him for various
reasons. This book then goes on to strip away all of the
layers of shrouding which mankind has placed about the
original message of Jesus (pbuh) until all that is left is
the original unchanged words of Jesus. However, in order to
arrive at this original message of Jesus it shall be
necessary for us to be willing to place the words of
Jesus (pbuh) above those of all of mankind without
exception. If we are willing to do only this, then and
only then shall we have truly opened our hearts and minds to
him and accepted his message.
"Jesus answered and said unto him, If a man love me,
he will keep my words: and my Father will love him, and we
will come unto him, and make our abode with him."
John 14:23
I do not deceive myself. This book will never be the
definitive answer to all questions. However, I hope that
this book will at least get people interested enough that
they may go out, read the Bible and the Qur'an carefully,
and seek knowledge for themselves. If I manage to accomplish
this then I have done my job. There are many other things I
would like to say but I must keep the size of this book
under some semblance of control. I have therefore spent most
of my efforts speaking about comparative religion between
Islam and Christianity in order to prove the truthfulness of
the affirmations of the Qur'an and that it was indeed sent
by the same God who sent Jesus (pbuh). If I could add one
more chapter I would probably speak in a little more detail
about the Dead Sea Scrolls since this has proven to be a
truly intriguing endeavor. However, that task shall have to
be left for another day (by the will of Allah).
I would also like to point out that the referencing
system employed in this book still needs some serious work
in order to bring it in line with more accepted modern
norms. However, that too will have to be left to another
day. In any case, I believe that it's current form is
adequate for a first version, and by Allah's will, this
issue will be dealt with in the future.
I would like to make a couple of matters clear from the
outset so that there will be no misunderstanding as to my
beliefs and/or intentions:
1) Muslims do not hate Christians nor harbor ill will
against them. This is a common misconception in the West
about Muslims. Muslims are told in the Qur'an:
"..and nearest among them (mankind) in love to the
believers (Muslims) will you find those who say 'we are
Christians': because among these are men devoted to learning
and men who have renounced the world, and they are not
arrogant"
The noble Qur'an, Al-Maidah(5):82.
"The people of the book" (Jews are Christians) are also
singled out by God in the Qur'an to receive the following
treatment:
"And argue not with the people of the book unless it
be in [a way] which is better [than mere
arguing], except with such of them that do wrong, and
say [to them]: 'We believe in that which has been
revealed to us and revealed to you, and our God and your God
is One, and to Him we have submitted (literally: 'We are
Muslims')"
The noble Qur'an, Al-Ankaboot(29):46.
Muslims simply wish for Christians the exact same thing
that Christians wish for Muslims: That we all be guided to
the truth of God and His ultimate reward.
By now it should be obvious that Islam is not, as the
stereotype would have one believe, an underground terrorist
group dedicated to the total destruction of civilized life
as we know it. Because of all of the above, I have striven
to avoid in this book all statements which might be
misunderstood to be hateful, inflammatory, or disrespectful.
However, the fundamental goals of this book make it
necessary to exhibit many contradictory statements in the
New and Old Testaments in order to prove the Qur'an's claim:
that mankind took great liberties with God's scriptures
after the departure of their prophets and have changed His
original message to them. Muslims are told that these
tampering fingers have left many contradictions for those
who would simply look for them. The Bible itself gives us
the deciding criteria:
"For many bare false witness against him (Jesus), but
their witness agreed not together."
Mark 14:56.
For this reason, I have attempted to keep my own comments
to a minimum and allow the Bible to speak for itself as
often as possible (see for example the table in chapter
2.2). Those people who have made up their minds beforehand
that they will hate me for this and will not see the
contradictions and the tampering fingerprints no matter how
much evidence is presented are kindly asked to stop reading
now. This book is not for them. Those readers who are
willing to keep an open mind are invited to accompany us in
our quest for the truth of God.
2) Some readers may misinterpret some of my statements to
be disrespectful of God Almighty, His prophets, His
scriptures, or the original apostles of Jesus. This too is
unintentional. Any one of these matters is considered a sin
of the highest order in Islam. The goal of this book is only
to present the proof of that which Christian scholars the
world over are now beginning to recognize as historical
fact: That the alleged authors of the Bible are not the true
authors, and as a result of this, they have written therein
matters regarding God/Allah, His prophets, and their
apostles that were not inspired by either God nor his
prophets. All claims made in this book should be understood
to be against these "hidden" authors and not God, His
prophets, His original scriptures, or the original
disciples.
3) As mentioned above, I am not a scholar of religion, an
"evangelist," nor have I any official diplomas in religious
studies. I wrote this book in my spare time while pursuing
graduate degrees in the field of Engineering within the
United States. My own feeble contribution in no way compares
to those of Islam's more learned and knowledgeable scholars.
However, I saw a void which in my opinion had yet to be
filled, so I have done my best to fill it. There are many
more comprehensive and detailed studies of this topic
written in the Arabic language (e.g. "Al-Jawab Assahih").
However, until such a time as more of these great works can
be translated into English, I hope that this book will serve
as a temporary substitute.
4) When I speak about "Islam" in this book, I refer to
the "Islam" taught by Muhammad (pbuh) and practiced by his
followers, as preserved for us within the writings of
hundreds of Islamic scholars and handed down to us through
an unbroken chain of authenticated narrators in the many
books of the "Shareea," "Seerah," and "Hadeeth." This is the
Islam which has been preserved in the Arabian peninsula (the
home country of Muhammad pbuh) to this day. This Islam, the
Islam of Muhammad (pbuh), does not attempt to promote
specific humans, or groups thereof, to higher levels of
divine authority and power than others, such as is preached
by the leaders of the newly established so-called "Nation of
Islam" group in the United States whose followers are told
by Louis Farakhan, Elijah Poole, and W. D. Fard, that
"Islam" preaches the superiority of a certain race or color
and other such innovations. True Islam also does not follow
the beliefs of the leaders of the "Shiite" groups of some
Eastern countries (such as Iran) which also attribute to
specific human beings boundless supernatural powers and the
ability to hand out passes to heaven and so forth.
5) How to read this book:
As mentioned previously, this book has been written with
the goal of being a little more comprehensive than most
other such English publication which I have come across
during my research. I have also done my utmost to ensure
that it is as easy to read as possible. What I mean by this
is not that I feel at all superior to these great scholars,
only that the English publications I have thus far come
across did not convey the overall picture of Islam,
Christianity, and the relationship between them which I
wished to see in one English reference. The
inevitable result of making a book comprehensive is that it
also becomes large. For this reason, an attempt has been
made to divide this book into many sub-topics with each
sub-topic spanning only a few pages, and thus, the book
becomes easy to read a piece at a time. I strongly encourage
the reader to read this book in the order in which it was
written. This is because the chapters will complement each
other more completely if they are read in their written
order. However, an attempt has also been made to make the
chapters independent of one another for those readers who
wish to jump directly to a specific topic of interest to
them. For such readers a chart has been supplied to help
them select the most relevant topic to them by asking the
reader a few simple questions. Start at the top of the chart
and work your way down by answering the questions and
following the resultant directions.
I would like to thank all of those who helped me to
publish this book, including Shaik Ahmed Deedat, brother
John Siedlidz, brother Ammar Amonette, brother Idris Palmer,
brother Ali Al-Tamimi, brother Ismael Mujahid, brother
Dawood Madan, Dr. Rafil Dhafir, brother Abdullah Firdous
Abdulrazzak, brother Saad Al-Qasabi, brother Abdulaziz
Al-Suhaibani, brother Mansor Matbouli, brother Abdulrahman
Al-Ali, brother Sherif Muhammad, brother Reza Scholten,
brother Farid Adlouni, Dr. Bassem Khafagi, brother Kamil
Mufti, brother Nader Salah, brother Khalifa (you know who
you are), and brother Ibraheem Pastuszak, who all
contributed in one way or another in the completion of this
book, either with suggestions on modifications or
corrections, in countless hours proof-reading it, or in
various other aspects such as generally helping out with
their comments and suggestions whenever possible. For all of
the countless others who have assisted in this project but
who I have forgotten to mention here, I ask your forgiveness
for my weak memory, your efforts are very deeply
appreciated. I would also like to thank all of the above
authors for their efforts which have made these matters
clear for us. May Allah Almighty guide us all unto his whole
truth. Amen.
Misha'al ibn Abdullah
May 1996
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