The
Quran
The Quran is held in the greatest esteem and reverence among
Muslims as their holy scripture. They dare not touch it without
first being washed and purified. They read it with the greatest
care and respect, never holding it below their waist. They
swear by it and consult it on all occasions. They carry it with
them to war, write sentences of it on their banners, suspend it from
their necks as a charm, and always place it on the highest shelf or
in some place of honor in their houses. It is said that the
devil runs away from the house in which a portion of the Quran, Surat
al-Baqarah (The Cow) 2, is read.
Sunna
Next to the Quran in Islamic life is Tradition (Hadith).
While the former is regarded as supreme, the whole system of Islamic
government is largely founded on the latter. A command given by
Muhammad or an example set by him is called Sunna, a rule. The
belief of Muslims is that their prophet, in all that he did and said,
was guided by God, and that his words and acts became forever divine
rules of faith and practice. A Muslim places the Sunna on the
same level as the Bible, but he regards the Quran as far superior to
both --" the very words of God." Muhammad said:
The Sunna is taken from a much larger tradition. For example, one Muslim, Bukhari, collected twenty thousand of them, of which he rejected ten thousand, accounting them untrue. Of the remaining ten thousand, he accepted only 7,275, declaring the rest to be untrustworthy. Abu Da'ud accepted as authentic only 4,800 rules out of 50,000.